ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau (Acaricide)
Ke emi nei ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā insecticides (Acaricides) i kēlā me kēia makahiki no nā makahiki he 10 i hala, a e hoʻomau ʻia ka emi ʻana ma 2022. Me ka pāpā piha ʻana o nā pesticides 10 hope loa i nā ʻāina he nui, e hoʻonui ʻia nā mea pani no nā pesticides ʻona loa. ;Me ka hoʻolaʻa mālie ʻana o nā mea kanu genetically modified, e hoʻemi hou ʻia ka nui o nā pesticides, akā ʻo ka mea holoʻokoʻa Ma nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe wahi nui no ka hōʻemi hou ʻana i nā pesticides.
Papa Organophosphate:Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻona a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hopena o kēia ʻano pesticides, ua emi ke koi o ka mākeke, ʻoi aku me ka pāpā piha ʻana i nā pesticides ʻona nui, e emi hou ana ka nui.
Papa Carbamates:Loaʻa i nā pesticides Carbamate nā hiʻohiʻona o ka koho ikaika, ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ka laulā ākea, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona, ka maʻalahi o ka decomposition a me ka liʻiliʻi o ke koena o nā mea make, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mahiʻai.ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana: Indoxacarb, Isoprocarb, a me Carbosulfan.
He hana insecticidal maikaʻi loa ʻo Indoxacarb e kūʻē i nā pests lepidopteran, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole i nā mea kanu like ʻole e like me ka palaoa, nā huaʻai, a me nā mea kanu, a me ke ʻano kūlohelohe, a ke piʻi mau nei ke koi.
ʻO ka papa Pyrethroids Synthetic:He emi mai ka makahiki i hala.ʻO Beta-cyhalothrin, Lambda-cyhalothrin, a me Bifenthrin e noho i kahi māhele mākeke nui aʻe.
ʻO ka papa Neonicotinoids:ʻO kahi hoʻonui mai ka makahiki i hala.ʻO Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Thiamethoxam a me Nitenpyram e noho i ka hapa nui, aʻo Thiacloprid, Clothianidin a me Dinotefuran e hoʻonui nui.
Papa Bisamide:ʻO kahi hoʻonui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka makahiki i hala.Noho ʻo Chlorantraniliprole i kahi māhele mākeke nui aʻe, a manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui ka cyantraniliprole.
Nā pesticides ʻē aʻe:Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka makemake i ka makahiki i hala.E like me Pymetrozine, Monosultap, Abamectin, etc.
Acaricides:He emi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka makahiki i hala.I waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka lime sulfur, Propargite, Pyridaben, Spirotetramat, Bifenazate.
Fungicide
Manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā fungicides i 2022.
ʻO nā ʻano like me ka nui o ka dosage:ʻO Mancozeb, Carbendazim, Thiophanate-methyl, Tricyclazole, Chlorothalonil,
Tebuconazole, Isoprothiolane, Prochloraz, Triazolone, Validamycin, Copper hydroxide, Difenoconazole, Pyraclostrobin, Propiconazole, Metalaxyl, Azoxystrobin, Dimethomorph, bacillus subtilis, Procymidone, Hexaconazole, propamocarb hydrochloride, etc.
ʻO nā ʻano like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 10% ʻo ia (ma ke ʻano iho): Bacillus subtilis, Oxalaxyl, Pyraclostrobin, Azoxystrobin, Hosetyl-aluminum, Diconazole, Difenoconazole, Hexaconazole, Triadimenol, Isoprothiolane, Prochloraz, etc.
ʻO ka herbicide
Ke piʻi aʻe nei nā lāʻau herbicide no nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā nāhelehele kūpaʻa.
ʻO nā ʻano like me ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o 2,000 tons (ma ke ʻano iho): Glyphosate (paʻakai ammonium, paʻakai sodium, paʻakai potassium), Acetochlor, Atrazine, Glufosinate-ammonium, Butachlor, Bentazone, Metolachlor, 2,4D, Pretilachlor.
Nā lāʻau herbicide koho ʻole:Ma hope o ka pāpā ʻia ʻana o Paraquat, ua lilo ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻopili hou ʻo Diquat i mea wela no ka wikiwiki o ka weeding a me ka laulā herbicidal spectrum, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā nāhelehele kū i ka Glyphosate a me Paraquat.
Glufosinate-ammonium:Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka ʻae ʻana o ka poʻe mahiʻai, a ke piʻi nei ka dosage.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūʻē hou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau:ua hoʻonui ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Halauxifen-methyl, Quintrione, etc.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-23-2022
